This chapter summarizes the scientific and technical knowledge for durum wheat breeding, giving some examples of the methods applied in national programs. Section 1 refers to the importance of durum wheat in the world. Wheat breeding program college of agricultural sciences. Dba is a national initiative established between the university of adelaide. Application of the singlekernel characterization system to durum wheat. Genetics and breeding of durum wheat may 2730, 20, rome, italy forty years ago, 144 scientists from 22 countries met in bari, italy, to discuss for the first time advances in genetics and breeding of durum wheat, then considered a minor crop. Nazareno strampelli 18661942 at the turning of the 20th century.
In southern nsw until recently there had only been a small pocket of durum wheat grown around griffith producing around 50,000 tonnes, but this is gradually changing with another small durum area opening up in bribbaree. Area of adaptation dba lillaroi is adapted to the rainfed durum producing areas of new south wales and queensland. Bertrand bert collard joined nsw dpi as the new durum wheat breeder in april 2009. Mar 05, 20 kansas is known for hard red winter and hard white winter wheat, and the wheat breeding programs at kstate are naturally focused on those predominant classes of wheat. Italy, for the first time produced pasta from durum wheat in the world and an intense breeding activity has been conducted over the last century to support the long tradition of pasta making. Genetics and breeding of durum wheat evolution of durum wheat breeding in italy enrico porceddu1, antonio blanco 2 1 university of tuscia, viterbo, italy 2 university of bari aldo moro, bari, italy abstract. Important milestones in durum wheat breeding programs across the. Plant growth regulators and n rates in durum wheat project objectives the objective of this project is to demonstrate to producers the potential positive and negative affects that plant growth regulators have on yield and harvestability of durum wheat, even when high rates of n fertilizer are used to achieve maximum yield and protein levels. The gluten composition of wheat varieties and genotypes part ii.
But the university also has a small breeding effort in manhattan focused on winter durum. The worlds durum wheat acreage and production is concentrated in the middle east, north africa, the former ussr, the north american great plains, india, and mediterranean europe. Due to a combination of strong international prices, very high quality grain and improved export marketing facilities, australian durum wheat production has made impressive growth from around 8,000 tonnes produced in northern nsw and sa in the late 1970s to current domestic production of around 500,000 tonnes. Its a costshare program to help growers spray fungicide on durum to better protect the domestic crop. Durum wheat is second to hard red spring wheat triticum aestivum l. Durum wheat quality in highinput irrigation systems in. Dba lillaroi is not recommended for high input irrigation systems without appropriate management maturity dba lillaroi is an early to medium maturing durum wheat. Dan00118 australian durum wheat improvement program grdc.
Implementing a program called the durum quality protection act is proposed by the usdga. Pdf genetic variation for improving the salt tolerance. Impact of icarda research on australian agriculture. Durum wheat is a distinct species, expressing a phenomenon known as tetraploidy, a condition that renders it with 4 copies of each chromosome in its genome. Breeding lines uc1585 and uc1598 have been selected for an additional year of testing in regional trials and for production of breeder seed. Current approaches and future strategies is designed to aid students, educators, and practitioners alike. Australian durum wheat improvement rogram 20092012 introduction. Durum breeding began in nsw dpi in the 1930s at glen innes. The gluten composition of wheat varieties and genotypes.
Proceedings of the international symposium on genetics and breeding of durum wheat. Sep 16, 2014 new dawn for pasta wheat in australia. Rural education program has tonight been awarded the 2017 nsw act rural industries research and development corporation rirdc rural womens award. Hypernop has demonstrated high and stable grain yields across sa and nsw durum growing regions and performs particularly well in higher yielding. The australian durum wheat industry is highly competitive with the leading overseas. New dawn for pasta wheat in australia the university of. The italian durum wheat genetic pool is considered one of the most, if not the most, representative within the mediterranean basin, due to the early and continued efforts devoted to durum wheat.
Durum wheat from the northern region nsw and qld is considered world class for its technological processing quality by the european pasta makers. Diversity of agronomic traits in 225 tetraploid durum wheat accessions triticum turgidum l. New breeding material has shown promise in the lower rainfall areas with yields. Control of cultivar registration and stringent grading standards ensure that durum of consistent high quality is produced for domestic and. While national economic woes take a toll on many manufacturing businesses, pasta processing is going great guns.
He has more than 10 years research experience in crop molecular genetics and breeding. Wheat derived foodstuffs represent about onefifth of the calories consumed by humans worldwide. In italy, about 67% of durum wheat production comes from the southern regions and it is mainly used for pasta production. The durum breeding program at the university of adelaide has ongoing support from many industry stakeholders with major supporters including the grains research and development corporation grdc, south australian grain industry trust sagit, san remo, southern australia durum growers association sadga and the nsw department for primary industries. The new variety, jandaroi, provides an opportunity for durum wheat to break into areas such as western australia and central queensland. Durum varieties the southern australia durum growers. Mr coltman said production was a great success with yields comparable to the local bread wheat crops and achieved % protein, essential for classification as the top quality durum. New durum wheat breeder nsw department of primary industries. The breeding program and the contracting program are tied in that producers entering production contracts with the company must agree to grow one of the durum varieties weve developed, says miller pasta powers ahead. The paper reports on the scientiic effort for improving durum wheat production and quality made by. A new durum wheat variety bred at the nsw department of primary industries tamworth agricultural institute has the potential to expand australias durum wheat industry into new regions.
Thanks to the grdc and san remo for funding support to the university of adelaides breeding program. The breeding methodology for the future of durum wheat in. Screening durum wheat for heat tolerance options mediterraneennes. The demand for pasta is actually rising as a result. Yawa has a significant yield advantage over existing durum varieties based on three years of nvt data from sa across six sites see table 1. Wrigley 1, 1 food science australia and wheat crc, north ryde sydney, nsw. Options mediterraneennes en ligne collection numerique. This study aimed to survey the range of bpt sensitivity mainly in t. Sep 16, 2014 scientists are hoping a new variety of durum wheat will be the key to boosting australias presence in the global pasta manufacturing industry. Yawa is a well adapted, high yielding durum wheat that is suitable for production in most areas of southern australia. Wheat yield northern nsw qld variety guide 2019 2020. Durum wheat is better adapted to semiarid climates than is bread wheat.
Diversity of agronomic traits in 225 tetraploid durum. Further details can be found on the agriculture and horticulture development board ahdb website and the wheat, the big picture website. The extent of genetic variation for heat tolerance in australian durum wheat. In contrast, for allelopathy in durum wheat triticum turgidum ssp. Durum wheat crop expands south department of primary. Diversity of agronomic traits in 225 tetraploid durum wheat. Due to the importance of durum wheat for the state of north dakota, the durum plant breeding and genetic program was created in 1929 and is the only public research project that develops durum wheat cultivars in the united states. Australian wheat varieties, 2009 colin wellings and harbans bariana the university of sydney, plant breeding institute email. With a scope of coverage that includes genetics and molecular biology, plant and crop physiology, and breeding strategies and methodology, durum wheat breeding. Composition table for the hmw subunits of glutenin 3 rd edition f.
Due to a combination of strong international prices, very high quality grain and improved export marketing facilities, australian durum wheat production has made impressive growth from around 8,000 tonnes produced in northern nsw and sa in the late 1970s to current domestic production of. New durum wheat variety helps industry break new ground. The australian durum wheat improvement program adwip was initiated in 2007 to merge the ongoing durum breeding program in the new south wales department of primary industries nsw dpi and the university of adelaide ua program into one publicly funded, collaborative program with a national outlook. Durum wheat, with its high kernel weight, test weight, protein content, and gluten strength, is known to be associated. For the second year a group of growers, led by greg coltman from bribbaree, planted a successful dryland crop of 1,000 hectares, mainly of caparoi durum wheat. Some properties of cultivars from the 1969 canadian durum wheat breeding program.
Wheat breeding program wheat represents one of the most important global sources of vegetablebased protein. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. The australian durum wheat improvement program adwip was initiated in. Durum wheat is of significance as a food crop being used to make pasta, couscous, burghul, puddings, bread flat and leavened, and other traditional foods. The quality of durum wheat is highly correlated with the quality of its end products. Di fonzo experimental institute for cereal research sections of catania and foggia italy summary of using genetic base is its is a of discussed. Bred by the northern program of durum breeding australia nsw department of primary industries. Mar 21, 2011 the present crop insurance program doesnt recognize the historical price premium durum commands in the marketplace.
The focus of the durum wheat breeding and genetics program is to develop durum wheat germplasmvarieties with good agronomic traits and quality and disease resistance to maximize the economic return to the producers and provide excellent quality durum wheat for the domestic pasta industry and the international export market. Jandaroi is the sixth durum wheat variety bred by dr ray hare at tamworth under the national durum breeding program, funded by the nsw state government with support from the grains research and development corporation grdc. Breeding durum wheat for pasta quality in canada springerlink. Present your work and your company to experts in the latin american region. Its ancient domestication was linked to the surge of modern society and it was. The breeding methodology for the future of durum wheat in italy g. Durum wheat was first produced in australia in the early 1930s. A small plant breeding program was established at the nsw agriculture glen innes experiment. On average, annually, 200,000t durum grain has been exported from nsw in the recent years. Durum wheat differs from the other wheats in having endosperm that does not. The crosses of the plant breeding program of the institute of plant.
New durum wheat variety helps industry break new ground nsw. Durum wheat crop expands south nsw department of primary. As one of the top ten commodity crops in oregon, wheat breeding must produce high quality varieties adapted to environments in both western and eastern oregon. Preemptive breeding for resistance to leaf rust in durum wheat is currently being undertaken by one australian durum wheat breeder and colleagues at. Sep 24, 20 wheat derived foodstuffs represent about onefifth of the calories consumed by humans worldwide. Illabo is the first variety to be released from our dedicated winter wheat breeding program at wagga wagga, and has been bred with the intent. Dba bindaroi is a highyielding, quickmaturing durum wheat variety, suitable for dryland durumproducing areas of nsw and qld. The university of adelaides durum breeding program today at the hart field day will release a new durum wheat variety called dbaaurora which promises a stepchange in potential durum production in southern australia dbaaurora, named after the roman goddess of the dawn, is high yielding with improved quality and. Breeding lines uc1599, three new hrs lines uc1616, uc1617 and uc1618 have been selected for the 2009 regional trial. A history of durum wheat breeding in canada and summaries of.
Application of the singlekernel characterization system. The university of adelaides durum breeding program today at the hart field day will release a new durum wheat variety called dbaaurora which promises a stepchange in potential durum production in southern australia. In this study field methods were developed to reliably. The australian durum wheat improvement program adwip was initiated in 2007 to merge the ongoing durum breeding program in the new south wales department of primary industries nsw dpi and the university of adelaide ua program into one publicly funded, collaborative program with a. Durum wheat production in north dakota accounts for about 59. Crop wild relatives adding new diversity into an ancient. Breeding for pasta quality is, therefore, a primary objective in canadian durum breeding programs. Jul 11, 2018 the primary goal for the durumbreeding program is to achieve high yielding, disease resistant, locally adapted durum varieties with good end product quality. The australian durum wheat industry internationally competitive and quality is amongst the worlds best. Buy durum wheat breeding crop science on free shipping on qualified orders. Australia is an important grower of durum wheat and currently produces 300,000400,000 tonnes annually. Due to the importance of durum wheat for the state, the durum plant breeding and genetics program was created in 1929 and is the only public research project that develops and releases durum wheat cultivars in the united states. Canada was the largest durum wheat triticum turgidum var durum producer in 1994, and in recent years supplied over 70% of world export trade in durum.
Durum yield analysis 07 durum disease and agronomic ratings 07 wheat varieties 09. The durum breeding australia dba northern program works to. Grain from durum is used to make pasta and semolina products. The breeding methodology for the future of durum wheat in italy. Northern nsw durum growers experienced great results with durum breeding australia dba durum wheat variety lillaroi, even in. Mar 02, 2018 durum wheat prebreeding for food security by michael major, luis salazar and benjamin kilian, crop wild relatives project, crop trust durum wheat is the tenth most important food crop in the world. The southern australia durum growers association inc. Bert collard will lead the australian durum what improvement program a collaborative research alliance between nsw dpi, university of adelaide, and grdc.
Plant materials a total of 225 accessions of tetraploid species, durum wheat triticum durum desf. Genetic variation for improving the salt tolerance of durum wheat article pdf available in crop and pasture science 511. Regions of the mediterranean basin and north america i. Durum wheat appears to show different genetic susceptibilities to developing bpt. Adapted to the rainfed durum production regions of nsw and is also suited to sowing later in the season. Jun 06, 2017 the durum breeding program at the university of adelaide has ongoing support from many industry stakeholders with major supporters including the grains research and development corporation grdc, south australian grain industry trust sagit, san remo, southern australia durum growers association sadga and the nsw department for primary industries. The purpose was to determine if the quality of the grain produced met the requirements for good milling and pastamaking quality and to understand the genotype, environment. Durum wheat production nsw department of primary industries. Indeed, as also shown by oueslati 2003, the two durum wheat varieties tested can lead to slight differences in allelopathic effects on barley and bread wheat. Introduction precipitation is the most important factor for agricultural production.
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